Shoulder pain and stiffness are often described as ‘frozen shoulder‘, but many cases are actually shoulder impingement. Although both can be painful, they are very different conditions and require different treatment approaches.
Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)
Frozen shoulder is a condition where the capsule of the shoulder joint becomes thickened and tight, causing pain and stiffness. Typical features include gradual onset of pain, severe stiffness in all directions, night pain, and restricted active and passive movement.
Shoulder Impingement
Impingement occurs when shoulder tendons or bursa become compressed during movement, often due to poor posture, weakness, or overuse. It typically causes pain during certain movements, especially lifting the arm, while passive movement is usually much better.
| Feature | Frozen Shoulder | Shoulder Impingement |
|---|---|---|
| Cause | Tightened joint capsule | Tendon or bursa irritation |
| Onset | Gradual, often no injury | Often activity-related |
| Movement | Restricted in all directions | Painful in certain directions |
| Passive movement | Restricted | Mostly normal |
| Recovery time | 12–24 months | Weeks to months |
